Formerly glaciated terrains of northeastern North America present a wide variety of landscapes that affected the location, formation, and preservation of prehistoric archaeological sites. Many of these landscapes, such as simple till-covered uplands, are little altered since the terminal stages of the Pleistocene. Other landscapes are more complex, for example, glaciofluvial and glaciolacustrine valley floor environments that have undergone significant modification through Holocene alluvial and colluvial processes. The chapters in this volume provide summaries of current knowledge of the deglaciation of the Northeast and geoarchaeological case studies in upland and alluvial settings. The geographical coverage of the chapters includes Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, and New England. By themselves, the chapters show how detailed geoarchaeological investigations are critical to our understanding of the archaeological record in formerly glaciated landscapes.