This Spears 1413 series 90-degree PVC elbow fitting has a barbed male insert on one end and male NPT threads on the other, and is suitable for creating a transition from rigid pipe to flexible polyethylene tubing at a 90-degree angle. The barbed end allows a quick connection to tubing, and the National Pipe Taper (NPT) threads create a tighter seal than straight threads. This elbow fitting, or "ell," is made of gray PVC (polyvinyl chloride) for chemical and corrosion resistance, high strength, and less weight than fittings made from metal. The threaded end is compatible with schedule 40 PVC pipes and fittings and is suitable for cold-water pressure distribution systems including irrigation, pool and spa, potable water, and chilled water applications. PVC can be connected to other materials such as steel, copper, or cast iron using transition fittings. The barbed end is compatible with SIDR-PR (standard inside dimension ratios, pressure rated) flexible polyethylene tubing according to ASTM International standard D2239, or standard D2104 schedule 40 polyethylene tubing. The fitting has a maximum operating temperature of 140 degrees F, meets ASTM International D1784 and D2609 standards for quality assurance, and is certified by National Sanitation Foundation International (NSF) for potable water service. This PVC elbow fitting is suitable for connecting flexible polyethylene tubing to rigid pipe for conveying drinking water, waste water, chemicals, and other liquids in a range of industries.Pipe fittings are components used for connecting, terminating, controlling flow, and changing the direction of piping in many different industries. When purchasing pipe fittings, consider the application, as this will affect material type, shape, size and required durability. Fittings are available threaded or unthreaded, in many shapes, styles, sizes, and schedules (pipe wall thickness).Spears Manufacturing produces thermoplastic fittings and valves for fluid, drain, waste, and vent systems. The company, founded in 1969 and headquartered in Sylmar, CA, meets International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard 9001.