This Spears 439 series schedule 40 PVC bushing fitting has male NPT threads on one end and female NPT threads on the other, and is suitable for connecting two pipes with different ends. The National Pipe Taper (NPT) threads create a tighter seal than straight threads. This bushing fitting is made of white PVC (polyvinyl chloride) for chemical and corrosion resistance, high strength, and less weight than fittings made from metal. It is compatible with schedule 40 PVC pipes and fittings and is suitable for cold-water pressure distribution systems including irrigation, pool and spa, potable water, and chilled water applications. PVC can be connected to other materials such as steel, copper, or cast iron using transition fittings. The fitting has a maximum operating temperature of 140 degrees F, meets ASTM International D1784 and D2466 standards for quality assurance, and is certified by National Sanitation Foundation International (NSF) for potable water service. This schedule 40 PVC bushing fitting is suitable for connecting pipes for conveying drinking water, waste water, chemicals, and other liquids in a range of industries.Pipe fittings are components used for connecting, terminating, controlling flow, and changing the direction of piping in many different industries. When purchasing pipe fittings, consider the application, as this will affect material type, shape, size and required durability. Fittings are available threaded or unthreaded, in many shapes, styles, sizes, and schedules (pipe wall thickness).Spears Manufacturing produces thermoplastic fittings and valves for fluid, drain, waste, and vent systems. The company, founded in 1969 and headquartered in Sylmar, CA, meets International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard 9001.